Players linked to government's performance-enhancement probes
The following is a list of active and retired Major League baseball players who have been implicated in government investigations into the illegal distribution of steroids, human growth hormone and other performance-enhancing drugs. The investigations included here targeted BALCO, Signature Pharmacy of Orlando, Fla., Applied Pharmacy of Mobile, Ala., and so-called wellness clinics. The list does not include players whose only link to the use of performance-enhancing drugs is having tested positive under Major League Baseball's drug-testing policy.
Player | Position | Team | How implicated |
Outfielder | Cardinals | Signature Pharmacy | |
Third baseman | free agent | Applied Pharmacy | |
Marvin Benard | Outfielder | inactive | BALCO |
Outfielder | free agent | BALCO | |
Pitcher | Indians | wellness clinic | |
Jose Canseco | Outfielder | retired | Applied Pharmacy |
Bobby Estalella | Outfielder | retired | BALCO |
Designated hitter | Yankees | BALCO | |
Outfielder | Orioles | Signature Pharmacy | |
Third baseman | Blue Jays | Signature Pharmacy | |
Pitcher | retired | BALCO-related | |
Outfielder | Royals | wellness clinic | |
Infielder | Rangers | Applied Pharmacy | |
Darren Holmes | Pitcher | retired | wellness clinic |
Outfielder | Angels | Applied Pharmacy | |
Armando Rios | Outfielder | free agent | BALCO |
John Rocker | Pitcher | retired | Applied Pharmacy |
Benito Santiago | Catcher | retired | BALCO |
Pitcher | Mets | Signature Pharmacy | |
David Segui | First baseman | retired | BALCO-related |
Designated hitter | Tigers | BALCO | |
Ismael Valdez | Pitcher | retired | wellness clinic |
Randy Velarde | Second baseman | retired | BALCO |
Matt Williams | Third baseman | retired | wellness clinic |
